
This is one of my favorite literary characters of all time and i did a character analysis from Les Miserables about him.
Jean-Valjean is perhaps one of the most heroic characters throughout all of literature. In Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables Jean-Valjean’s character goes through three decisive stages. We see Jean the convict, Jean the champion, and Jean the father. All three of these roles each play a huge part in Jean’s life and each come about and occur for different reasons. Each stage however is integral to the next as Jean continues his evolution as a person until his death. Without all three parts Jean would not be complete, each comes together to form him as a timeless hero.
Jean begins his story as a simple man trying to take care of his sister and her many children. At this point Jean has already begun to assume the roles of provider and leader. He has sacrificed his own interests or pursuits to do what he views as right, which is to make sure his family has food and shelter. Because they are very poor Jean struggles tenaciously to provide for his hungry family. Circumstances soon drive him to theft in order to obtain food for his family. This begins Jean’s life as a convict.
Despite Jean’s intentions which had no evil behind them whatsoever, he is still imprisoned and sentenced to the galleys. While in the galleys Jean tries to right his seemingly unjust situation by trying to escape numerous times. All end in failure and more years in prison. Jean is finally freed from prison after nineteen years of brutal hardship. His time in prison has molded his once simple kind character into a hateful, cold, resourceful, survivalist. Set loose back into the real world Jean is a person who trusts no one and is ready to explode in anger at the slightest provocation.
With this savage disposition Jean the convict will begin his transformation into Jean the champion. He stumbles across genuine kindness for the first time in nineteen years in the form of a gentle priest who offers Jean room and board for the night. Jean cannot believe that anyone would help a stranger for nothing in return, much less a dangerous criminal. However this priest gives jean a gift which he has never received, a genuine free gift of love. Initially Jean accepts the priest’s kindness with gratitude but then nineteen years of survival instincts kick in and Jean decides to take advantage of the priest’s trust and rob him in the night. It is at this point where Jean saw a new path he could have taken and instead he chose to remain Jean the convict. He is soon apprehended and brought back to the priest for questioning. The priest chooses to give Jean another chance at a new life from his criminal one. As the police question the priest, he tells them that the silver Jean stole had been a gift so Jean was no thief. Jean trembles with shame at the forgiveness and kindness in this old priest for a ruthless convict. The priest then gives him two more silver candlesticks and murmurs that Jean must promise to use this silver to become an honest man.
Jean is now faced with an important decision. He must now choose to leave his hateful criminal life behind and become an honest man or he can take his new wealth and continue down his vengeful convict lifestyle. As he ponders this decision on the road he encounters a young Savoyard who accidentally drops a coin at Jean’s feet. Jean instinctly places his foot on top of the coin still in a dazed state concerning how he will choose to direct the rest of his life. The boy pleads for his coin but Jean refuses to respond. In a ceremonial way as Jean sits on the ground pondering, the evil in him is seeping out in one last act of brutality. The boy walks off distraught and jean finally comes to his senses with a newly formed sense of purpose. He has decided to keep his promise to the priest and dedicate his life to becoming an honest man. However, much to his chagrin his last act of cruelty directed towards the young boy was the price he had to pay in order to overcome his indecision. It is at this point that he ceases to be Jean the convict and begins his life as Jean the champion.
As Jean begins down his new path he utilizes his wealth from the priest and his resourcefulness to integrate into society. He settles in a distant town and soon become known as a wealthy and honest man. He treats his workers with the upmost respect and all those around him cordially. He even gives money to all the Savoyards who come through town. His upstanding actions soon build him a reputation beyond question and the people clamor for him to become mayor. He refuses at first, but then accepts when one citizen challenges him by asking him if he is afraid of the good he could accomplish in such a position. Viewing the position as an opportunity to further keep his promise to the priest he readily accepts.
Jean has now become an entirely new person. Jean the convict is long dead. Jean the champion stands up for those who are weak and provides for those who are poor. He becomes a judge of sorts as townspeople come to him with their disputes looking for guidance. In a way he begins to become a Christly figure in his town as no fault can be found in him and he is kind and wise beyond compare.
Jean’s life as a champion of the people seems perfect and his transformation from criminal to honesty seems complete until an unfortunate situation occurs. A man named Champmathier is being brought to trial as Jean-Vealjean the dangerous convict. Jean knows that this man is being wrongfully accused since he is the real Jean-Vealjean. Jean is now faced with a moral dilemma. Will he sit by and do nothing, maintaining the serenity of his new life, or will he come to this poor man’s aid and risk losing everything he has gained materially. Jean chooses to turn himself in and save the innocent man in order to retain his now pure soul. By doing this Jean fills the role of Christ figure by laying down his life for an innocent man when he had no obligation to. Through these actions Jean once again comes to a new path in his life.
After admitting his true identity Jean is thrown into prison and Champmathier is freed. Resourceful as he is and armed with his pure character he soon escapes just happening to save a man’s life as he does so. His next actions after his escape are to find the helpless daughter of one of his deceased workers. He had made this promise to the woman before her sorrowful death. He rescues the girl, Cosette, from abusive caretakers and manages to avoid recapture using his resourcefulness gained during his life as Jean the convict. With the little girl in tow Jean begins his new life as Jean the father having sacrificed himself and his life as Jean the champion.
In his past life Jean had been a champion for all but he had never had one person in which to devote all of his care and protection. Now faced with an innocent young girl Jean’s pure, but rough exterior begins to melt. He finally has something to love. Never before in his harsh life has he had something or someone to love. It is at this point that Jean begins his transformation into a father figure. He now devotes his whole life and purpose to Cosette’s well being.
Jean is actually happy for the first time in his life. His only responsibility is looking after Cosette and that is what brings him the most joy. Cosette adores him as a father. This formidable figure had come into her life and rescued her and despite his large size he treats her with the upmost gentleness.
Jean raises Cosette as his own child and she soon begins to grow into a beautiful young lady. Up until this point Jean had had no real worry but now he sees that Cosette is not as happy as he is. She longs for a young man, Marius, who is also in love with her. Initially Jean views Marius as a threat to his happy life and is extremely upset. After reflecting on his feelings however Jean realizes that if he truly loves Cosette then her happiness should be his priority, no his own. Even though this wounds him deeply he once again sacrifices his best interests for another, Cosette. He even goes so far as to rescue Marius from certain death at the risk of his own life in order to preserve Cosette’s happiness. However he tells no one of his actions and bears his good deeds in silence. His character is so upright that he has not the slightest bit of pride to even spend on his own valiant actions.
After Jean plays a secret role in preserving Cosette and Marius’ happiness he then decides to exit their life after he sees them happily married. He feels that Cosette will be happier without her old dad and does not want to intrude on her happy life. Marius has always distrusted Jean and does so further when Jean comes to Marius and tells him of his past life as a convict. Jean does this because he feels it is the right thing to be honest to Marius. Marius accepts the information unhappily, still oblivious to the fact that he owes this legendary man his life.
Marius eventually discovers Jean’s secret years later. He and Cosette rush to find their ostracized father and discover him on his deathbed filled with sorrow that his Cosette has abandoned him. His whole world lights for one blinding flash of happiness when he sees Cosette and Marius have come to visit him one last time. Filled with peace that his daughter still loves him and that he did his best to keep his promise to the priest his light flashes out and he dies.
Jean-Vealjean is a truly heroic character. He goes through a metamorphosis that takes something ugly and turns it into something beautiful. He goes from a simple poor man driven to desperation, to a savage convict, to a champion of the people, and then ends his life as a loving father. After his radical change from convict to an honest man he maintains his promise to the priest and does everything in his power to be a good man. All of these stages in Jean’s life come together to form a Christ figure of epic proportions who continually sacrifices himself for the well being of others. All of these things truly earn Jean-Vealjean the title of a hero of the ages.